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Seating Arrangment Reasoning Material for All Competitive Exams | PDF Download

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Seating Arrangment Reasoning Material for All Competitive Exams | PDF Download

seating-arrangement

In these kinds of problems, some people are sitting in a row or around a table in a desired formation. The conditions provide clues towards the actual arrangement and you have to make use of these clues to reach to the final arrangement.

Questions like seating arrangements are so easy to solve, we only needs to concentration and shortcut tricks to crack it. lets see the types of seating arrangement questions. there are main two types of seating arrangement which is generally asked in bank and competitive exams. Row seating arrangements and Circular seating arrangement.

Row seating arrangements

Shortcut and Tricks of row seating / sitting arrangements

Now here is the points to be remember in row seating / sitting arrangements.

seating-arrangment-reasoning-sstudy-material-pdf-free-download-1

 

STEP 1 – Find and Draw a line of direction. (North, South, East, West)

STEP 2 – Note down right side and left side in the top of the line which you drawn

STEP 3 – Arrange the seats.

Example – A, B, C, D and E are sitting on a bench. A is sitting next to B, C is sitting next to D, D is not sitting with E who is on the left end of the bench. C is on the second position from the right. A is to the right of B and E. A and C are sitting together. In which position A is sitting ?

Now we have platform to put seating arrangements of any questions to be answered. lets solve this question within a 10 seconds. draw a line and find out who is on the last, in this question “E” is the left end of the bench. another placement would of “A” which is right of “B” and “E”.

seating-arrangment-reasoning-sstudy-material-pdf-free-download-2

 

Circular Seating Arrangment 

Step 1 -Shortcut and tricks of Circle seating / sitting arrangements – STEP 1- Draw a circle, that’s it.Circular Seating Arrangements

Step 2- Find out who is on right side and who is on left side of.

Step 3- Put them all together and you will find your answer.

Example – Six persons A, B, C, D, E and F are sitting around a circular table facing the centre. C is sitting exactly between A and F. B is sitting two places to the left of E. D is sitting two places to the right of F. Between which two persons is D sitting?

Start with any fixed position. Statement i does not give any fixed position since the order could be A-C-F or F-C-A. Starting with ii, we will have the positions of B and E. Now, C has to be in between A and F in such an order that D is two places to the right of F. The order in the clockwise direction has to be F-C-A, else A will fall 2 places to the right of F.

Thus we will have the arrangement as shown below.

seating-arrangment-reasoning-sstudy-material-pdf-free-download-13

 

Seating Arrangment Reasoning Material for All Competitive Exams (Download Pdf)

Syllogism Reasoning Material for All Competitive Exams | PDF Download

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Syllogism Reasoning Material for All Competitive Exams | PDF Download

syllogism

Following are the main rules for solving Syllogism Problems

Rule-1 .All+All=All

Rule-2.All+No=No

Rule-3.All+Some=No Conclusion

Rule-4.Some+All=Some

Rule-5.Some+No= Some Not

Rule-6.Some+Some= No Conclusion

Rule-7.No +All = Some Not(Reversed)

Rule-8.No+Some=Some Not (Reversed)

Rule-9.No+No=No Conclusion

Rule-10.Some Not /Some Not Reversed +Anything = No Conclusion If u want to convert any conclusion in Possibility

Rule-11.If – All A are B then we can say – Some B are Not A is a Possibility

Rule-12.If – Some B are Not A then we can say – All A are B is a Possibility

Rule-13.If – Some A are B then we can say – All A are B is a Possibility All B are A is a Possibility

Rule-14.All OSome Not Reversed

Rule-15.Some => All

Rule-16.NO Conclusion = Any Possibility is true Implications (In case of Conclusion from Single Statement)

All => Some               that means if All A are B then Some B are A is true

Some OSome              that means if Some A are B then Some B are A is true

No O No                     that means if No A is B then NO B is A is true

There are Two Major Ways to solve syllogism questions –

Cross Cancellation and Vertical Cancellation

Example 1. Cross Cancellation

Statements

  1. All forces are Energies
  2. All Energies are Powers
  3. No Power is Heat

Conclusions

1.No Energy is Heat

2.Some Forces being heat is Possibility

Solution – Lets take 1st conclusion, we have to make relation between Energy and Heat so we will take statement 2 and 3

All Energies are Powers No Power is Heat

This will be called Cross Cancellation , We have cancelled Power from Power so we have left with (ALL+NO) Energies is/are Heat , and that is No Energy is Heat So Conclusion First is TRUE.

In second statement we have Force and Heat so we will need to make relation between force and heat. For this we need to take all 3 statements

All forces are Energies All Energies are Powers No Power Is Heat

[All+All=All ; All+No=No]

Now we have left with ((All+All)+NO) Forces is/are Heat and that is NO Force is Heat . We don’t have any rule to convert this statement is Possibility so second conclusion is FALSE

Example 2 – Vertical Cancellation

Statements

l.Some Mails are Chats 2.All Updates are Chats

Conclusion

  1. All Mails Being Update is a Possibility
  2. No Update is Mail

Solution – Lets take 1st Conclusion “All Mails Being Update is a Possibility” that means we have to make relation between Mails and Updates

Some Mails are Chats All Updates are Chats

This is called vertical cancellation. In this case direction of adding first phrase will be reversed i.e In Above example the conclusion will be (All+Some) Updates is/are Mails = No Conclusion.

IF we get No Conclusion in case of Possibility then according to Rule No 16 possibility case will be definitely true . So Conclusion 1 follows and Conclusion 2nd Don’t .

 

Syllogism Reasoning Material for All Competitive Exams (Download Pdf)

Combinations Reasoning Material for All Competitive Exams | PDF Download

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Combinations Reasoning Material for All Competitive Exams | PDF Download

combinations

Here, the elements in some groups are to be combined, as per the given conditions. In the following example, the groups are of (a) Men, (b) Professions and (c) Musical Instruments. As per the conditions, these are mixed and matched.

Example:

  1. Five gentlemen (Mr. Ajay, Mr. Bijay, Mr. Vinay, Mr Sanjay and Mr. Akshay) are practising five different professions (Engineering, Medical, Law, Chartered Accountancy and Architecture). Each one can play only one of the five different instruments: Tabla, Violin, Sarod, Sitar and Flute.
  2. Mr Ajay is a Doctor and can play Sarod.
  • The Sitarist is not an Engineer.
  1. Mr Vinay and Mr Bijay are not Architects and Vinay cannot play Tabla.
  2. Mr Bijay can play Violin.
  3. Mr Akshay is a Lawyer and can play Flute.

Which instrument does Mr. Vinay play? AND What is the profession of Mr. Bijay? Solution:

Let us represent the three groups in a table. By taking the group of gentlemen as the base, because most of the information given is with regard to the gentlemen, we will try filling in the other details/ elements of the other two groups in the table, as shown below.

From ii, we get the combination Ajay-Doctor-Sarod.

From iii, we get to know that Sitar ≠ Engineer.

From iv, (Vinay, Bijay) ≠ Architects and Vinay ≠ Tabla.

From v, Bijay = Violin.

From vi, we get the combination Akshay – Lawyer -Flute.

Putting the above details in the table as shown below.

Gentleman Professional Instrument
Ajay Doctor Sarod
Bijay X Architect Violin
Vinay X Architect X Tabla
Sanjay
Akshay Lawyer Flute

Now, here we observe that neither Bijay nor Vinay is the Architect; hence the remaining person Sanjay is the Architect. Similarly, Sanjay plays Tabla and hence Vinay plays Sitar. This means that Bijay is the Engineer (from iii) and Vinay is the CA. We get the final arrangement as shown below:

Gentleman Professional Instrument
Ajay Doctor Sarod
Bijay Engineer Violin
Vinay CA Sitar
Sanjay Architect Tabla
Akshay Lawyer Flute

Now, based on the above table, Mr. Vinay plays Sitar AND Mr. Bijay is the Engineer.

Combinations Reasoning Material for All Competitive Exams (Download Pdf)

Alphabet Test Reasoning Material for All Competitive Exams | PDF Download

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Alphabet Test Reasoning Material for All Competitive Exams | PDF Download

alphabet-test

In this type of questions, certain words will be given. The candidate is required to put them in the order in which they would be arranged in a dictionary and then state the word which is placed in the desired place. For such questions, the candidate requires a basic knowledge of the ‘Dictionary Usage’. In a dictionary, the words are put in alphabetical order. The words beginning with a particular letter are again arranged in alphabetical order with respect to the second letter of the word and so on.

Example – Arrange the given words in alphabetical order and pick the one that comes first.

(1) Cloud (2) Middle (3) Grunt (4) Mob (5) Chain

These words can be properly arranged as Chain, Cloud, Grunt, Middle, Mob. Clearly the first word is Chain. Hence the answer is (5)

Example – In the word ‘PARADISE’, how many pairs of letters are there which have as many letters between them in the word as in the alphabet.

(1) One (2) Three (3) Four (4) Two (5) None

Such pairs are PR, AE and AD. So the answer is (2).

Alphabet Test Reasoning Material for All Competitive Exams ( Download Pdf)

Number Series Reasoning Material for All Competitive Exams | PDF Download

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Number Series Reasoning Material for All Competitive Exams | PDF Download

number-series

Number Series

In this catagory of questions, generally a long series of numbers is given. The candidate is required to find out how many times a number satisfying the condition specified in the question will occur.

Example – How many 9’s are there in the following number sequence which are immediately preceded by 5 but not immediately followed by 3 ?

3 9 5 9 4 5 9 3 7 9 8 5 9 9 8 7 9 5 1 9 6 5 9 4 3 9 5 9 3 8

(1) One (2) Two (3) Three (4) Four (5) More than four

The numbers satisfying the given conditions can be shown as follows (Given in BOLD).

3 9 5 9 4 5 9 3 7 9 8 5 9 9 8 7 9 5 1 9 6 5 9 4 3 9 5 9 3 8

So, the answer is (3)

Ranking Test

In this, generally the ranks of a person both from the top and from the bottom will be mentioned and the total number of persons is to be found.

Example – Radha ranks twentyfirst from the top and twentieth from the bottom in a certain examination. How many students are there in her class?

(1) 40 (2) 41 (3) 42 (4) 45 (5) None of these

Clearly the whole class consists of

  • 20 students who have a rank higher than Radha
  • Radha
  • 19 students who have rank lower than Radha i.e. (20 + 1 + 19) = 40. So, the answer is (1)

Number Series Reasoning Material for All Competitive Exams ( Download Pdf)
reasoning material pdf

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