Telangana History Bahmani Kingdom (1347-1528 A.D.)

Contents

Mohammad Bin Tugluq invaded the Deccan or Dakshinapatha 14th century and the consequences of his war led to the formation of Vijayanagara, Bahmani, Kondaviti reddy, Rachakondas Devarakonda, and velama kingdoms. Among these, the Vijayanagara kingdom flourished for about 300 years; the Bahmani, kingdom for 150 years and the reddy and velama kingdoms each a 100 years.
Several rulers later revolted against Mohammed Bin Tuglaq and Hasan Gangu Abdul Mujaffar was one of them. Hasan Gangu, who belonged to the Bahmanisha dynasty, revolted against the Delhi emperor Tuglaq in the North-western Telangana and founded’ the Bahman kingdom with Daulatabad as its capital in 1347 A.D.. At that time, kapayanayaka of the musunuru dynasty was ruling in the North Telangana region. Hasan Gangu went to war on Kapayanayaka a short time after he had come to rule. He occupied the koulos (Nizamabad) fort around 1350; and later occupied the Panagallu fort, crossed Vadapalli and extended his rule upto Amaravati. He also occupied the Nilagiri fort (which has been known since as Nalgonda) later. Kapayanayaka made an accord with him to keep Golkonda as the border between their two kingdoms. At another side Hasan Gangu invaded and occupied some parts of the Vijayanagara kingdom near Tungabhadra river and konkana kingdom in the west. He attacked the Telangana region, a second time in 1356 and occu¬pied the Bhuvanagiri fort. Then Hasan Gangu changed his capital from Daulatabad to Gulbarga and divided his kingdom as four states or provinces, namely Gulbarga, Daulatabad, Bidar and Berar. Allahdduin Hasan Gangu was died in 1358 A.D.

Mohammed Shah-I (1358-1375 A.D.)

Mohammed Shah – I succeeded Hasan Gangu.
He was the most famous ruler of Bahmani dynasty. When Musunuri kapayanayaka tried to reclaim the fort of koulos during his reign, Mohammed Shah-I defeated the armies of Warangal and Vijayanagara kingdoms.. As a result of this, Kapayanayaka had to pay compensation as well as the Golkonda fort to him and made a peace accord. Mohammad Shah-I was the first ruler to use gunpowder on the battle field in India. He died in 1375 A.D.

Alla-Uddin-Mujahid (1375-1378 A.D.)

Alla-Uddin Mujahid succeeded Mohammed shah and he fought a battle with the Vijayanagara rulers.

Mohammed Shah-II (1378-1397 A.D.)

Vijayanagara rulers occupied the region – between rivers krishna and Tungabhadra during his reign. He succeeded Alla-uddhin Mujahid. He payed a great interest on scientific issues. So he was called as “Second Aristotle”.

Tajuddin Feroz Shah (1397-1422 A.D.)

Historians said that, during the reign of Tajuddin Feroz Shah, who succeeded Mohammed
Shah-II, three battles were fought between the Bahmani and Vijayanagara kingdoms in 1398, 1406 and 1417 A.D. The velama ruler of that period joined hands with the Vijayanagara rulers and fought a battle against the Bahmani and Reddy rulers. Feroz Shah then tried to defeat the velama ruler and to occupy the panagallu fort in 1420 but failed.

Shihabuddin Ahmed Shah (1422-1436 A.D.)

Shihabuddin Ahmed Shah succeeded Feroz shah in 1422 A.D. he went to a battle to win Warangal region between 1424-25 A.D. killed the Recharla velama ruler there and occupied a number of forts in the Telangana region, he again invaded Telangana after 1432, defeated the velama rulers, occupied the forts of Rayagiri and Bhuvanagiri and annexed a large part of Telangana to the Bahmani Kingdom. He appointed Sanjar Khan as the Sirlashkar of Telangana region. Ahmed Shah died in 1436 A.D. and his son Allah Uddin Ahmed-II suc-ceeded him as the ruler of Bahmani kingdom.

Allah Uddin Ahmed Shah-II (1436-1458 A.D.)

During his reign, subordinate rulers in the Telangana region revolted with the help of the ruler of Balakonda fort Mohammed Khan, younger broth¬er of the Sultan, also helped them. The regions of sabbi and Bhuvanagiri had come under their rule. Ahmed Shah-II tried to suppress the revolt and reclaim the lost region. He succeeded in his efforts and reestablished the dominance of Bahmanis in Telangana.

Allah-Uddin Humayun (1458-1461 A.D.)

Allah-Uddin Humayun succeeded Ahmed Shah-II in 1458, He appointed Malik Shah as a Tarafdar of Telangana and Sikander, his relative and son of Balakonda Jagirdar as the chief of army of Telangana region. Sikander did not like this arrangement and revolted against Humayun, with the help of his father Jalalkhan and velama ruler of that period Lingamaneedu. This resulted in Sultan Allah-Uddin’s invasion of Telangana. Then Lingamaneedu asked the help of Kapileswara Gajapati, the ruler of kalinga. The armies of velama and Gajapati rulers defeated the armies of Sultan and sent them away. Hamveerason of Kaplileswara Gajapati occupied the fort of Warangal in 1460 and consequently the Telangana region got separated from the Bahmani Kingdom.

The Bahmanis, who lost their control over Telangana thus, reentered the region during the reign of Mohammed-III in 1472 A.D. The reason for this was the conflicts between Hamveera and Purushotham, sons of Kapileswara Gajapati, for succession. These conflicts led Hamveera to request the help of Bahmani Sultan. He agreed to hand over the coastal Andhra under the Gajapatis to the Bahmani rulers in exchange for the Telangana region. Mohammed-III agreed to this Hamveera profited from this arrangement and handed over the coastal Andhra region to the sultan (Mohammed Shah). Mohammed Shah-III appointed Malik Nizam-Vl mulk Bahu with the title of sir Lashkar Itirang as the chief of army of this new region under his control and also as the chief of the fort of Rajahmundry. He was the founder of the Nizam-Shahi kingdom later.
Mohammed Shah-III divided the new coastal Andhra and Telangana regions under his control as East and west Telanganas and made Rajamahen- dravaram (Rajahmundry) and Warangal as their capitals.
Nizam-ul-mulk Bahu was appointed as the ruler of East Telangana and Razam Khan as the ruler of west Telangana. After the death of Mohammed Shah-III, Shihabuddin Mohammed, the last of Bahmani rulers ruled between 1482-1518 A.D. Quli qutub Shah of Golkonda acted independently during his reign and founded the Qutub Shahi dynasty. His successors and later rulers Ahmed Shah-IV,Allah-Uddin-Shah, Valimulla and Kalimulla were not as capable, so the decline of Bahmani kingdom set in.

Bit Bank

★ Founder of Bahmani kingdom: – Hasan Gangu
★ When did Hasan Gangu established Bahmani kingdom? – 1347 A.D.
.★ The capital of Bahmani kingdom: – Daulatabad
★ At the time of the foundation of Bahmani kingdom North Telangana was under the control of: – Kapaya nayaka
★ When did Hasan Gangu occupied the fort Kaulas (Nizamabad) – 1350 A.D.
★ The year in which Hasan Gangu conquered Bhuvanagiri fort? – 1356 A.D.
★ Hasan Gangu transferred his capital from Daulatabad to: – Gulbarga
★ Bahmani, who ruled the country after Hasan Gangu: – Mohammed Shah-I
★ Who used the gun powder for the first time in the history of India? – Mohammed Shah-I
★ After Mohammed Shah, who ruled the country? – Alla-uddin Mujahid
★ During whose rule, the rulers of Vijayanagara occupied the Anthervedi of Tungabhadra? – Mohammed Shah-II
★ The ruling period of Tajuddin Feroz Shah: – 1397 – 1422 A.D.
★ When did Shihabuddin Ahmed Shah waged war against Warangal? – 1424-25 A.D.
★ After Ahmed Shah who ruled the kingdom? – Alla-uddin Ahmed Shah-II
★ Who was appointed as Telangana tarafdar by Alla-uddin- Humayun? – Malik Shah
★ With whose acquisition of the fort of Warangal, Telangana saparated from Bahmani kingdom? – Hamvira, son of Kapileswara Gajapati
★ When and whose period, Telangana was re occu¬pied by Bahmanis? – 1472 A.D., Mohammed-III
★ The last ruler of Bahmani rulers: – Shihabuddin Mohammed

Objective Bits

1. The year in which Bahmani kingdom was estab-lished:
1. 1347 A.D. 2. 1342 A.D.
3. 1343A.D. 4. 1344A.D.
Ans.1

2. When the Bahmani kingdom was established, who was the ruler of North Telangana?
1. Hasan Gangu 2. Kapaya Nayaka
3. Dama nayaka 4. Recharla Velama
Ans.2

3. When did Kaulas (Nizamabad) was occupied by
hasan Gangu?
1. 1330A.D. 2. 1340A.D.
3. 1350A.D. 4. 1360A.D.
Ans.3

4. Hasan gangu divided his kingdom into how many states?
1. Two 2. Four
3. Five 4. Three
Ans.2

5. Bahmani ruler after Hasan Gangu:
1. Mohammed Shah-I
2. Mujahid
3. Ahmed Shah ‘
4. Feroz Shah
Ans.1

6. When did wars occurred between Bahmani and Vijayanagara kingdom during the reign of Tajuddin Feroz Shah?
1. 1398A.D. 2. 1406A.D
3. 1417 A.D 4. All of the above
Ans.4

7. The ruling period of Alla-uddin Ahmed-II:
1. 1432-1448 A.D.
2. 1436-1458 A.D.
3. 1442-1454 A.D.
4. 1452-1458 A.D.
Ans.2

8. When did Telangana separated from Bahmani kingdom?
1. 1450 A.D. 2. 1455 A.D.
3. 1460A.D. 4. 1465A.D.
Ans.3